LINKS
Abstract
Context. Empirical evidence suggests a tantalising but unproven link between
various indicators of solar activity and the barycentric motion of the Sun. The
latter is exemplified by transitions between regular and more disordered motion
modulated by the motions of the giant planets, and rare periods of retrograde
motion with negative orbital angular momentum. An examination of the barycentric
motion of exoplanet host stars, and their stellar activity cycles, has the
potential of proving or disproving the Sun's motion as an underlying factor in
the complex patterns of short- and long-term solar variability indices, by
establishing whether such correlations exist in other planetary systems. In
either case, these studies may lead to further insight into the nature of the
solar dynamo.
Aims. Some 40 multiple exoplanet systems are now known, all with reasonably
accurate orbital elements. The forms and dynamical functions of the barycentric
motion of their host stars are examined. These results can be compared with
long-term activity indicators of exoplanet host stars, as they become available,
to examine whether the correlations claimed for the Sun also exist in other
systems.
Methods. Published orbital elements of multiple exoplanetary systems are used to
examine their host star barycentric motions. For each system, we determine
analytically the orbital angular momentum of the host star, and its rate of
change.
Results. A variety of complex patterns of barycentric motions of exoplanet host
stars is demonstrated, depending on the number, masses and orbits of the planets.
Each of the behavioural types proposed to correlate with solar activity are also
evident in exoplanet host stars: repetitive patterns influenced by massive
multiple planets, epochs of rapid change in orbital angular momentum, and
intervals of negative orbital angular momentum.
Conclusions. The study provides the basis for independent investigations of the
widely-studied but unproven suggestion that the Sun's motion is somehow linked
to various indicators of solar activity. We show that, because of the nature of
their barycentric motions, the host stars HD 168443 and HD 74156 offer
particularly powerful tests of this hypothesis.
Barycentric motion of the host star for a selection of representative multiple exoplanet systems. Main plots (central two
columns) show the orbit over the indicated time interval in a reference frame with the system barycentre at the origin, with abscissae
and ordinates in AU (the solar diameter is
R = 6:96 108 m, or 0.00465AU). To the outer side of each orbital sequence, plotsshow the orbital angular momentum,
Lz (upper), and dLz=dt (lower) for the same time interval, in the units as given in Table 1. Forthe systems shown, star masses lie in the range 0
:85 1:15M except for BD +20 2457 which is 2.8M . Orbital parameters weretaken as follows: the Sun: Seidelmann (2005); BD
+20 2457: Niedzielski et al. (2009); HD 168443: Wright et al. (2009); Ara:Pepe et al. (2007); 61 Vir: Vogt et al. (2010); and HD 37124: Vogt et al. (2005
A New Way that Planets Can Affect the Sun, Charles L. Wolff · Paul N. Patrone,Solar Phys (2010) 266: 227–246 pdf here (Found on 23.11.2011 by my exosite-crawler. Obviously I was too dumb to find it in the magazine or in google.)
Abstract We derive a perturbation inside a rotating star that occurs when the star is accelerated by orbiting bodies. If a fluid element has rotational and orbital components of angular momentum with respect to the inertially fixed point of a planetary system that are of opposite sign, then the element may have potential energy that could be released by a suitable flow. We demonstrate the energy with a very simple model in which two fluid elements of equal mass exchange positions, calling to mind a turbulent field or natural convection. The exchange releases potential energy that, with a minor exception, is available only in the hemisphere facing the barycenter of the planetary system. We calculate its strength and spatial distribution for the strongest case (“vertical”) and for weaker horizontal cases whose motions are all perpendicular to gravity. The vertical cases can raise the kinetic energy of a few well positioned convecting elements in the Sun’s envelope by a factor
≤ 7. This is the first physical mechanism by which planets can have a nontrivial effect on internal solar motions. Occasional small mass exchanges near the solar center and in a recently proposed mixed shell centered at 0.16Rs would carry fresh fuel to deeper levels. This would cause stars like the Sun with appropriate planetary systems to burn somewhat more brightly and have shorter lifetimes than identical stars without planets. The helioseismic sound speed and the long record of sunspot activity offer several bits of evidence that the effect may have been active in the Sun’s core, its envelope, and in some vertically stable layers. Additional proof will require direct evidence from helioseismology or from transient waves on the solar surface.
A little bit older is this paper: I. R. G. Wilson, B. D. Carter, and I. A. Waite :. http://www.publish.csiro.au/?act=view_file&file_id=AS06018.pdf
Abstract
We present evidence to show that changes in the Sun’s equatorial rotation rate
are synchronized with changes in its orbital motion about the barycentre of the
Solar System. We propose that this synchronization is indicative of a spin–orbit
coupling mechanism operating between the Jovian planets and the Sun. However, we
are unable to suggest a plausible underlying physical cause for the coupling.
Some researchers have proposed that it is the period of the meridional flow in
the convective zone of the Sun that controls both the duration and strength of
the Solar cycle. We postulate that the overall period of the meridional flow is
set by the level of disruption to the flow that is caused by changes in Sun’s
equatorial rotation speed. Based on our claim that changes in the Sun’s
equatorial rotation rate are synchronized with changes in the Sun’s orbital
motion about the barycentre, we propose that the mean period for the Sun’s
meridional flow is set by a Synodic resonance between the flow period (~22.3
yr), the overall 178.7-yr repetition period for the solar orbital motion, and
the 19.86-yr synodic period of Jupiter and Saturn.
And now in March 2011 the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) is also "just beginning to understand." "that the Sun's plasma rivers speed up and slow down like a malfunctioning conveyor belt"
Even older: Temporal variations of low-order spherical harmonic representations of sunspot group patterns: Evidence for solar spin-orbit coupling Or this one: Axial rotation, orbital revolution and solar spin–orbit coupling
Orbital Resonance and Solar Cycles P.A.Semi (Submitted on 29 Mar 2009) (also here: http://semi.gurroa.cz/Astro/Orbital_Resonance_and_Solar_Cycles.pdf) :
We present an analysis of planetary moves, encoded in DE406 ephemerides. We show resonance cycles between most planets in Solar System, of differing quality. (....) We show, that inner planets orbit on heliocentric trajectories whereas outer planets orbit on barycentric trajectories.(So even this little detail seems to be confirmed.)
Sun's retrograde motion and violation of even-odd cycle rule in sunspot activity
The sum of sunspots number over an odd numbered 11 yr sunspot cycle exceeds that of its preceding even numbered cycle, and it is well known as Gnevyshev and Ohl rule (or G--O rule) after the names of the authors who discovered it in 1948. The G--O rule can be used to predict the sum of sunspot numbers of a forthcoming odd cycle from that of its preceding even cycle. But this is not always possible because occasionally the G--O rule is violated. So far no plausible reason is known either for the G--O rule or the violation of this rule. Here we showed the epochs of the violation of the G--O rule are close to the epochs of the Sun's retrograde orbital motion about the centre of mass of the solar system (i.e., the epochs at which the orbital angular momentum of the Sun is weakly negative). Using this result easy to predict the epochs of violation of the G--O rule well in advance. We also showed that the solar equatorial rotation rate determined from sunspot group data during the period 1879--2004 is correlated/anti-correlated to the Sun's orbital torque during before/after 1945. We have found the existence of a statistically significant $\sim$ 17 yr periodicity in the solar equatorial rotation rate. The implications of these findings for understanding the mechanism behind the solar cycle and the solar-terrestrial relationship are discussed.
The terms "Tidal Friction", "Tidal Heating", "Tidal Dissipation" appear now every year in more and more scientific publications (only very small selection, you may find many more under these search terms. Citing these papers here doesn't means that I agree in all points):
Sustained tidal bulge in the sun: Why is the Earth moving away from the sun?
Good links
and good description: Moon captured by earth , supports the main ideas of this site (moon captured by earth, tidal friction etc.) but maintains Nebular Hypothesis and has also some other deficiencies. The exact point in time when the moon was captured we see different.TIDAL FRICTION, GEODYNAMICAL PROPERTIES AND ROTATION SPEED IN THE REMOTE GEOLOGICAL PAST (today it is assumed that 4 billion years ago a day lastet 6 hours and the moon was 10 times closer to earth than today)
TIDAL EVOLUTION OF CLOSE-IN EXTRASOLAR PLANETS
Tidal Dissipation in Extrasolar Planets
Planetary tidal forces acting on the Sun via spin-orbit coupling
Although I don't follow all points and conclusions of these papers they are worth reading:
Journal of coastal research, Special Issue 50,2007
Point of view of a chemist. This paper is mainly interesting because of the links: The sun's origin or Why the model of..
Point of view of metereologists and climate researchers:
AN ORBITAL MOTION SHARED BY SUN AND EARTH EFFECTING SUNSPOTS AND EARTH WEATHER (again some interesting links (although most already mentioned in my texts): Landscheidt, Jose, Koppen, Schwabe...)
Fusion theory is attacked from both sides: star smaller than planet
Many links to connection of solar cycles- sun motion
Does Heliocentrism Means That The Sun is Stationary?
Can origin of the 2400-year cycle of solar activity be caused by solar inertial motion?
Some interesting links: http://jpdesm.pagesperso-orange.fr/sunspots/sun2.html#rec_res
Many sites now in 2011 start to investigate these questions:
Fusion reactors
Sun & Exoplanet links
History of extrasolar planets detection
Simbad database, Strasbourg
CDS Portal, simultaneous search in
Simbad, Aladin and VizieR
The Transiting Planets (Frédéric
Pont)
Solstation becomes more and more useful
Still useful: Exoplanets Rising: Astronomy and Planetary Science at the Crossroads (March 29 - April 2, 2010)
Roadmap to pursue in order to address one of the most exciting goals in modern astrophysics: detection and characterization of terrestrial exoplanets.
Global solar observatory flares into life
http://garymorris93.cwahi.net/weather/solar_variations.html (bibliography / known and speculated solar cycles)
If you're new to astronomy and want to read a little background info, here is a good start...
Some exoplanet news, sequence absolutely arbitrary
This section is dedicated to a new breed of sites which contain code to prove their content (and do not copy or cite thousands of pages from books just to show their educatedness). I list these sites here no matter of their content and even if they contradict the main statements of this site. This in the hope that this will become the normal way of proving a statement, theory, hypothesis. (This will save all of us a lot of time...)
Radiative Transfer Code for a Plane Parallel Multiple Scattering/ Absorbing Atmosphere and Kernel Functions for Radiative Transfer in Spectral Lines in C/C++ code. Homepage: http://www.plasmaphysics.org.uk/
Trouble with .NET LOH?
http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/the-dangers-of-the-large-object-heap/
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/dotnet/archive/2011/10/03/large-object-heap-improvements-in-net-4-5.aspx
Improvements not for VS2008:
More exoplanet links (this page contains dynamically generated content)
Sites or web pages with content relating to exoplanets
German sites or web pages with content relating to exoplanets
